Encyclop\u00e6dia Britannica<\/a><\/i>.<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u201d1\/2\u2033][vc_single_image image=\u201d251\u2033 img_size=\u201d330*300\u2033 alignment=\u201dcenter\u201d][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n
Painting of Thomas Alfred West<\/p>\n
in 1930<\/p>\n
[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=\u201dstretch_row\u201d el_class=\u201dbg-color-1\u2033 el_id=\u201dsection-allemagne\u201d][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n
Germany: German Spitz, not Pomeranian<\/h2>\n
[\/vc_column_text][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u201d2\/3\u2033][vc_column_text]The name Pomeranian was only accepted by the Germans in 1974; they used the generic name German Spitz and claimed that this \u201cGerman Spitz\u201d was a German national breed.<\/p>\n
This German Spitz was a healthy, robust and strong dog. It was a large working dog, often found in the Arctic regions of northern Europe. Its original name was Wolfspitz, a term referring to its small erect ears.<\/p>\n
Origin and name Pomeranian<\/h3>\n
Spitz breeds are a family of dogs that lived in certain regions of Europe and Asia. Spitz dogs have erect ears, tails that curl over their backs and a thick double coat.<\/p>\n
The name \u201cSpitz\u201d was not used as a name for these breeds until the 15th century. However, the name \u201cChien-loup\u201d has been used and it is thought that the French phase \u201clou-lou\u201d is derived from this name. Historians find no records of the Spitz dog before George III sat on the throne in England.<\/p>\n
In Germany, various older regional names for these dogs are translated into English and become the Wolf Spitz, the Lion Spitz, the Bear Spitz and the Great (aka Gross) Spitz.<\/p>\n
The smallest dogs included the Fox Spitz and, a little later, the Mannheimer Zwerg-Spitze. In 1886 the Pomeranian breed was known as German Toy Pomeranians or Mannheimer Zwergspitze.<\/p>\n
Where do Pomeranians come from?<\/h3>\n
The breed has evolved in a number of parts of Europe and has been given various names, several types having no connection with Pomeranian.<\/p>\n
In France, Lulu, Pomeranian Dog or Lou Lou.<\/p>\n
In Holland, the Wolfshond, during the 1780s this name was changed to Keeshond.<\/p>\n
In Italy, the Italian Spitz, Florentine Spitz, Quirinale Cane, Lupino and Volpino. The Italian variety was usually bright orange or yellow.<\/p>\n
The Swedish naturalist, Carl Linnaeus (1707-1778) spent much time classifying the dogs of his time. He mentions the Canis Pomeranus and provided ample evidence to support his theory that these dogs were well known in Central and Northern Europe.[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space height=\u201d2rem\u201d][vc_btn title=\u201dCarl Linnaeus\u201d style=\u201d3d\u201d i_icon_fontawesome=\u201dfar fa-hand-point-right\u201d add_icon=\u201dtrue\u201d link=\u201durl:https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pomsdelalezardiere.fr%2Fen%2Fpuppy-training%2Fglossary%2F%23section-linnaeus|title:lexicon|target:%20_blank|\u201d][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u201d1\/3\u2033][vc_single_image image=\u201d6089\u2033 img_size=\u201dlarge\u201d][vc_column_text]Pomeranie dog 1885[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space height=\u201d3rem\u201d][vc_single_image image=\u201d6093\u2033 img_size=\u201dlarge\u201d][vc_column_text]Wolf or Pomeranian dog[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=\u201dstretch_row\u201d el_class=\u201dbg-color-2\u2033 el_id=\u201dsection-angleterre\u201d][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n
In England: Pomeranian Dog<\/h2>\n
[\/vc_column_text][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u201d2\/3\u2033][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n
Pomeranians developed as a breed by English enthusiasts<\/h3>\n
The Pom dog was developed as a breed and became known as the Pomeranian in England.<\/span> It was only in the 18th century that the Pomeranian (then known as the Wolf dog) became firmly established in England, the breed having aroused the interest of members of the English monarchy.<\/p>\nIn 1761, upon marrying King George III, Queen Charlotte of the Duchy of Mecklenburg (a German territory bordering Pomerania), then 17 years old, brought her companion dogs to England. Queen Charlotte\u2019s dogs were what was then called the \u201cwolf-dog\u201d type and were primarily white in color.<\/p>\n
The King\u2019s son (King George IV) continued this royal tradition, and examples of this can be seen in paintings by Gainsborough and Stubbs.<\/p>\n
Queen Victoria, granddaughter of Queen Charlotte, inherited her grandmother\u2019s passion. She was widely regarded as the most famous person who owned and exhibited Pomeranians during her lifetime.<\/p>\n
Over the years, she imported many Pomeranians from different parts of Europe. The dogs had coats of different colors and her kennel in Windsor housed more than 30 of them.<\/p>\n
While on holiday in Florence in 1888, Queen Victoria purchased a basic stock of Italian Spitz dogs also known as Volpino Italiano or Florentine Spitz.<\/p>\n
When reading about the Queen and her passion for Pomeranians, you must understand that the dogs she loved at the time are not classified as Pomeranians today by the English Kennel Club.<\/p>\n
English Pomeranians were generally kept as pets, and much of the information about these dogs comes from various paintings.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]Written by William Taplin and published in London in 1803, \u2018The Sportsman\u2019s Cabinet\u2019 deals with race in detail:<\/p>\n
\u201cPOMERANIAN or, WOLF-DOG.<\/em><\/p>\nThe dog so called in this country is only a little over eighteen or twenty inches in height, and is distinguished by its long, thick, and rather straight coat, forming a most formidable ruff around the neck, but short and smooth on the head and ears; they are for the most part of a pale yellow or cream colour, and lighter on the under parts.<\/em><\/p>\nSome are white, some black, and some but very rarely spotted; the head broad towards the neck, and tapering to the muzzle; ears short, pointed, and erect; nose and eyes chiefly black; the tail large and bushy and invariably curled in a ring over the back. Examples of smooth or short-haired hairs are very rare; in England, it is more<\/em>familiarly known as the fox-dog, and this may originally have arisen from the fact that he has much affinity with that animal around the head; but, by those who in their writings describe him as a native of Pomerania, he passes under the appellation of Pomeranian dog.\u201d<\/em>[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space height=\u201d3rem\u201d][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u201d1\/3\u2033][vc_single_image image=\u201d6091\u2033 img_size=\u201dlarge\u201d][vc_column_text]Start Toy Pomeranian or Zwerg Spitz[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space height=\u201d3rem\u201d][vc_single_image image=\u201d6095\u2033 img_size=\u201dlarge\u201d][vc_column_text]Pomeranians Mesdames Kennel Club Show Angleterre 1896[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u201d2\/3\u2033][vc_column_text]<\/p>\nPomeranians made an impact in England after 1870<\/h3>\n
In 1859, Newcastle hosted the first ever English dog show and in 1861 another was held at Belle Vue Zoo in Manchester.<\/p>\n
The English Kennel Club has registered the breed as Pomeranian<\/h3>\n
The Pomeranian Club was formed by nine members in 1891. This very first Pomeranian club was launched on 11 February 1891 at the Agricultural Hall, Crufts Dog Show.<\/p>\n
There was a growing interest on the part of breeders to reduce the size of the dogs they were breeding, but also to produce new colours.<\/p>\n
Whites and blacks were no longer at the forefront of breeding programmes and the show ring. Now there were other colours such as orange, sable, blue and chocolate.<\/p>\n
During this period, shows offered classes for small, medium and large dogs and it took the English Pomeranian Club much longer to agree on an appropriate weight range for these incredible dogs.<\/p>\n
[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]The original Pomeranian breed standard dates from 1898.
\nA revised and significantly improved breed standard was developed in 1909. A meeting was held at the Pet Dog Show with representatives from all the Pomeranian Club\u2019s constituent clubs.
\nReports from this meeting indicate that the 1909 Pomeranian standard harmoniously embodied the views of all the Pom clubs.
\nThese clubs included the Pomeranian Club, the North of England Pomeranian Club, the East Lancashire Pomeranian Club, and the Midland Pomeranian Club.[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space height=\u201d2rem\u201d][vc_column_text]reference : pomeranian.org \u2013 Denise Leo, pomeranian breed expert, of Dochlaggie fame. Breeder and exhibitor of Best in Show Supreme, Grand Champion and Champions since 1975.[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space height=\u201d2rem\u201d][vc_btn title=\u201dpomeranian-origin\u201d style=\u201d3d\u201d i_icon_fontawesome=\u201dfas fa-paw\u201d add_icon=\u201dtrue\u201d link=\u201durl:https%3A%2F%2Fpomeranian.org%2Fpomeranian-origin%2F|title:pomeranian-origin|target:%20_blank|\u201d][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u201d1\/3\u2033][vc_single_image image=\u201d6097\u2033 img_size=\u201dlarge\u201d][vc_column_text]Pomeranian Shelton Master Atom[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=\u201dstretch_row\u201d el_class=\u201dbg-color-1\u2033 el_id=\u201dsection-usa\u201d][vc_column][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n
In the United States: Pomeranian dog<\/h2>\n
[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u201d1\/4\u2033][vc_single_image image=\u201d6099\u2033 img_size=\u201dlarge\u201d][vc_column_text]Mme Frank T. Clarke and Pomeranian Fanion Broadcaster[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space height=\u201d3rem\u201d][vc_single_image image=\u201d6101\u2033 img_size=\u201dlarge\u201d][vc_column_text]Champion Banner Prince Charming and Banner Sa Seigneurie[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u201d3\/4\u2033][vc_column_text]American Pomeranians originated from imported Poms, primarily from England. In the late 1880s, Pomeranians began appearing at various dog shows in the United States. In 1900, the nation\u2019s Kennel Club officially recognized the breed.<\/p>\n
Prior to this official sanction, the breed had to participate in the miscellaneous class. Not having a winning class meant that championship titles were not available during this period for the breed. The first known Pomeranian to be shown in America was Sheffield Lad, in New York in 1892.<\/p>\n
In 1896, Pomeranians Prince Bismarck was placed 2nd and Wolfgang 3rd in the Miscellaneous class. Kansas City in 1898, saw the Pomeranian Clayton Chieftain win the Miscellaneous category.<\/p>\n
In 1899, interest in the breed increased and large numbers of quality Pomeranians arrived from England.<\/p>\n
<\/div>\n
[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]Around 1900, the American Kennel Club recognised the breed and approved admission to the stud book. The American Pomeranian Club (APC) was formed.<\/span><\/p>\nWhite, blue and brown were the most popular colours.<\/p>\n
The 1900 New York Show was the first to hold a winners\u2019 class for Pomeranians. A brown dog, Nubian Rebel, belonging to Mrs. Frank Smyth, won this first prize. Nubian Rebel later became a champion.<\/p>\n
In 1901, the New York Show was judged by MRF Mayhew and Hatcham Nip was ranked first. Hatcham Nip later became the first international champion of the breed. During this period, Mrs RF Mayhew and Mrs George Thomas were the main exhibitors in Pomerania.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]In 1909, APC was accepted as a member club of the AKC and became the designated parent club for the breed.<\/span><\/p>\nIn 1911, the APC organised its first specialist exhibition with an entry of 262 Pomeranians. The first Best of Breed winner was Champion Banni\u00e8re Prince Charmant, owned by Mrs Frank Smyth of Swiss Mountain Kennels.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]In 1912, the second Pomeranian show organized by the American Pomeranian Club took place in New York. The 185 Poms entry was judged by Charles G. Hopton. Best of Breed at this show was the English import, Champion Offley Kew Marco.[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space height=\u201d3rem\u201d][vc_column_text]reference : pomeranian.org \u2013 Denise Leo, pomeranian breed expert, of Dochlaggie fame. Breeder and exhibitor of Best in Show Supreme, Grand Champion and Champions since 1975.[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space height=\u201d3rem\u201d][vc_btn title=\u201dpomeranian-origin\u201d style=\u201d3d\u201d i_icon_fontawesome=\u201dfas fa-paw\u201d add_icon=\u201dtrue\u201d link=\u201durl:https%3A%2F%2Fpomeranian.org%2Fpomeranian-origin%2F|title:pomeranian-origin|target:%20_blank|\u201d][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_id=\u201dsection-asie\u201d el_class=\u201dbg-color-2\u2033][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n
In Asia<\/h2>\n
[\/vc_column_text][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u201d2\/3\u2033][vc_column_text]The origins of the Japanese Spitz breed date back to around 500 AD when Spitz-type dogs, which were undoubtedly prized by their owners and breeders as companion dogs, found their place in Asia and of course in Japan.<\/p>\n
The Japanese Spitz is a relatively new breed that was developed as a companion dog during the last century.<\/span><\/p>\nThe first serious and sustained effort to develop the Japanese Spitz breed appears to have begun in Japan in the 1920s and 1930s. They started with a number of different Spitz dogs. There is some debate as to the exact percentage and even the breeds used, but the American Eskimo Dog, the White Russian Spitz, and the German Spitz are generally accepted as contributing to the genetic makeup of the Japanese Spitz breed we have today.<\/p>\n
These early breeders of Japanese Spitz crossed these breeds with the aim of improving it and their efforts seem to have worked because it has very few health problems today compared to most other purebred dog breeds and other dogs in general. The Japanese Spitz is an early and successful designer dog breed that emphasizes health and temperament.<\/span><\/p>\nThe Japanese Kennel Club recognized the breed in 1954 and developed the standard which has been adapted for use around the world today.<\/p>\n
The American Kennel Club, AKC, does not recognize the breed today because of the similarities that exist between the Japanese Spitz and the developed American breed, the American Eskimo Dog, but the United Kennel Club in the United States recognizes the Japanese Spitz in its Northern breeds.[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space height=\u201d3rem\u201d][vc_column_text]reference : japanesespitzhq.com[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space height=\u201d3rem\u201d][vc_btn title=\u201dJapanese spitz\u201d style=\u201d3d\u201d i_icon_fontawesome=\u201dfas fa-paw\u201d add_icon=\u201dtrue\u201d link=\u201durl:https%3A%2F%2Fjapanesespitzhq.com%2Fjapanese-spitz-information%2Fjapanese-spitz-history%2F|title:Japanese-spitz|target:%20_blank|\u201d][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u201d1\/3\u2033][vc_single_image image=\u201d6342\u2033 img_size=\u201dmedium\u201d][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=\u201dstretch_row\u201d el_class=\u201dbg-color-1\u2033][vc_column][vc_single_image image=\u201d6119\u2033 img_size=\u201dlarge\u201d][vc_column_text]\u201dI believe that my charity for animals is made up of the fact that they cannot speak, explain their needs, indicate their ills\u201d, \u00c9mile Zola in \u201cLe Figaro\u201d of 24 March 1896. Rue des Archives\/Mondadori Portfolio\/Rue des Arch<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space height=\u201d5rem\u201d][vc_raw_html]PGlmcmFtZSB3aWR0aD0iNTYwIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjMxNSIgc3JjPSJodHRwczovL3d3dy55b3V0dWJlLmNvbS9lbWJlZC9sdElVb1RnUFRYRSIgdGl0bGU9IllvdVR1YmUgdmlkZW8gcGxheWVyIiBmcmFtZWJvcmRlcj0iMCIgYWxsb3c9ImFjY2VsZXJvbWV0ZXI7IGF1dG9wbGF5OyBjbGlwYm9hcmQtd3JpdGU7IGVuY3J5cHRlZC1tZWRpYTsgZ3lyb3Njb3BlOyBwaWN0dXJlLWluLXBpY3R1cmUiIGFsbG93ZnVsbHNjcmVlbj0iIj48L2lmcmFtZT4=[\/vc_raw_html][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n\u201cThe Little Dog Waltz, Chopin<\/p>\n
[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=\u201dstretch_row\u201d equal_height=\u201dyes\u201d content_placement=\u201dmiddle\u201d el_class=\u201dbg-color-2\u2033 el_id=\u201dsection-loup\u201d][vc_column][vc_row_inner equal_height=\u201dyes\u201d content_placement=\u201dmiddle\u201d gap=\u201d20\u2033][vc_column_inner width=\u201d1\/2\u2033][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n
C\u2019est pas sorcier<\/h2>\n
Is the dog descended from the wolf?<\/strong><\/p>\nVideo explanations by Jamy<\/p>\n
[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text][\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space height=\u201d2rem\u201d][vc_btn title=\u201dC\u2019est pas sorcier\u201d style=\u201d3d\u201d size=\u201dxs\u201d align=\u201dcenter\u201d i_icon_fontawesome=\u201dfas fa-video\u201d add_icon=\u201dtrue\u201d link=\u201durl:https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fchannel%2FUCENv8pH4LkzvuSV_qHIcslg|title:c%27est-pas-sorcier|target:%20_blank|\u201d][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u201d1\/2\u2033][vc_raw_html]PGlmcmFtZSB3aWR0aD0iNTYwIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjMxNSIgc3JjPSJodHRwczovL3d3dy55b3V0dWJlLmNvbS9lbWJlZC9YY01UTW40VGtYcyIgdGl0bGU9IllvdVR1YmUgdmlkZW8gcGxheWVyIiBmcmFtZWJvcmRlcj0iMCIgYWxsb3c9ImFjY2VsZXJvbWV0ZXI7IGF1dG9wbGF5OyBjbGlwYm9hcmQtd3JpdGU7IGVuY3J5cHRlZC1tZWRpYTsgZ3lyb3Njb3BlOyBwaWN0dXJlLWluLXBpY3R1cmUiIGFsbG93ZnVsbHNjcmVlbj0iIj48L2lmcmFtZT4=[\/vc_raw_html][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_column_text]Worth noting: When various dog breeds underwent genetic testing, one discovery was that many Spitz dog breeds belonged directly to a group considered to be the closest relatives of wolves and are believed to be the oldest known type of dog.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=\u201dstretch_row\u201d el_class=\u201dbg-color-2\u2033][vc_column][vc_single_image image=\u201d6226\u2033 img_size=\u201d1000*800\u2033][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=\u201dstretch_row\u201d el_class=\u201dbg-color-1\u2033][vc_column width=\u201d1\/2\u2033][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n
More information<\/h2>\n
What\u2019s a Pomeranian?<\/p>\n
[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space height=\u201d2rem\u201d][vc_btn title=\u201dDiscovering the meaning\u201d style=\u201d3d\u201d align=\u201dcenter\u201d i_icon_fontawesome=\u201dfas fa-dog\u201d add_icon=\u201dtrue\u201d link=\u201durl:https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pomsdelalezardiere.fr%2Fen%2Fthe-german-spitz%2Fthe-pomeranien-dwarf-spitz%2F|title:The%20Pomeranian%20Dwarf%20Spitz|target:%20_blank|\u201d][\/vc_column][vc_column width=\u201d1\/2\u2033][vc_single_image image=\u201d6654\u2033 img_size=\u201dlarge\u201d][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
[vc_row full_width=\u201dstretch_row\u201d el_class=\u201dbg-color-1\u2033][vc_column][vc_column_text] From the ancestors of the Pomeranian Spitz to the German Spitz [\/vc_column_text][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u201d1\/2\u2033][vc_column_text] I \u2013 The Stone Age (6000 BC) II \u2013 In Germany III \u2013 In England IV \u2013 In the United States V- In Asia VI \u2013 Is the dog descended from the wolf? By C\u2019est pas Sorcier [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u201d1\/2\u2033][vc_single_image […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1830,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1735","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","no-thumb"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pomsdelalezardiere.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1735","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pomsdelalezardiere.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pomsdelalezardiere.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pomsdelalezardiere.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pomsdelalezardiere.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1735"}],"version-history":[{"count":91,"href":"https:\/\/www.pomsdelalezardiere.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1735\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10651,"href":"https:\/\/www.pomsdelalezardiere.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1735\/revisions\/10651"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pomsdelalezardiere.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1830"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pomsdelalezardiere.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1735"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}